大會(huì)邀請(qǐng)報(bào)告 Plenary Lectures

負(fù)載型金屬催化劑——從納米到亞納米和單原子 張濤 中國(guó)科學(xué)院大連化學(xué)物理研究所，大連，116023 Email: taozhang@dicp.ac.cn 催化技術(shù)在能源轉(zhuǎn)化、石油化工、環(huán)境污染控制、精細(xì)化工等諸多領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著巨大作用，據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家由催化技術(shù)直接和間接貢獻(xiàn)的GDP達(dá)到20-30％。負(fù)載型金屬催化劑則是應(yīng)用最為廣泛的催化劑類(lèi)型之一。隨著催化科學(xué)的發(fā)展，特別是原子尺度高分辨顯微技術(shù)、各種原位動(dòng)態(tài)光譜表征技術(shù)、以及計(jì)算化學(xué)的發(fā)展，對(duì)于負(fù)載型金屬催化劑的認(rèn)識(shí)和可控制備已經(jīng)從傳統(tǒng)的納米尺度深入到亞納米甚至單原子尺度。制備單原子分散的負(fù)載型金屬催化劑不僅可最大限度提高金屬特別是貴金屬原子利用率，而且對(duì)于從原子/分子尺度理解復(fù)雜的多相催化反應(yīng)、開(kāi)發(fā)單一活性位催化的高選擇性反應(yīng)、以及構(gòu)建均相和多相催化反應(yīng)的橋梁都具有非常重要的意義，從而使得單原子催化成為當(dāng)今催化科學(xué)的最前沿課題之一。本報(bào)告將以氧化鐵負(fù)載的Au、Pt、Ir單原子催化劑和Au-Pd、Zn-Pd合金單原子催化劑為例，介紹單原子催化劑的可控合成、先進(jìn)表征技術(shù)、以及在CO氧化、水煤氣變換、乙炔選擇加氫、和C-C、C-N偶聯(lián)反應(yīng)中的獨(dú)特催化行為和構(gòu)效關(guān)系，并對(duì)單原子催化、亞納米催化以及納米催化在航天航空推進(jìn)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用前景進(jìn)行展望。 關(guān)鍵詞：金屬催化劑；單原子催化；合金催化劑；推進(jìn)劑催化分解；多相催化 參考文獻(xiàn) [1] Qiao, B.; Wang, A.; Yang, X.; Allard, L. F.; Jiang, Z.; Cui, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, J.; Zhang, T. Nature Chem. 2011, 3: 634. [2] He, L.; Huang, Y.; Wang, A.; Wang, X.; Chen, X.; Delgado, J. J.; Zhang, T. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51: 6191. [3] Lin, J. ; Qiao, B.; Liu, J.; Huang, Y.; Wang, A.; Li, L.; Zhang, W.; Allard, L.; Wang, X.; Zhang, T. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51: 2920. [4] Yang, X.; Wang, A.; Qiao, B.; Li, J.; Liu, J.; Zhang, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 2013, 46:1740. [5] Lin, J.; Wang, A.; Qiao, B.; Liu, X.; Yang, X.; Wang, X.; Liang, J.; Li, J.; Liu, J.; Zhang, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135: 15314. [6] Zhang, L.; Wang, A.; Miller, J. T.; Liu, X.; Yang, X.; Wang, W.; Li, L.; Huang, Y.; Mou, C. Y.; Zhang, T. ACS Catal. 2014, 4: 1546.   Supported Metal Catalysts: From Nano to Subnanoand Single Atoms Tao Zhang State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China. Catalytic technology plays a key role in energy conversion, petrochemical industry, emission control, and fine chemicals production, and it is estimated that the contributions by catalytic technology account for 20-30% of the GDP in developed countries. Supported metal catalyst is one of the most widely used catalysts. With the development of catalysis science, in particular the advances of atom-resolution electron microscopy, in situ/operando characterization spectroscopy, as well as theoretical chemistry, the understanding and controllable synthesis of supported metal catalysts are now refined from nanometer scale to subnanometer and even to single atoms. Single-atom catalysts are not only able to maximize the utilization of metals (especially noble metals), but also of paramount importance to the molecular/atomic level understanding of heterogeneous catalysis, to exploration of highly selective reactions catalyzed by single sites, and to bridging heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis. Therefore, single-atom-catalysis is now emerging as one of frontiers in catalysis science. In this presentation, taking FeOx-supported Au, Pt, and Ir single-atom catalysts and Au-Pd, Zn-Pd alloyed single-atom catalysts as examples, I will demonstrate the controllable synthesis of single-atom catalysts, advanced characterization techniques probing the structures, and unique catalytic performances of single-atom catalysts in a variety of industrially important reactions such as CO oxidation, water-gas-shift reaction, selective hydrogenation of acetylene, and C-C and C-N coupling reactions. Finally, we will give remarks and outlooks regarding the applications of nano, subnano, and single-atom catalysts in the field of energy conversion, in particular in the field of space propulsion.
	張濤	張濤，男，1963年生，理學(xué)博士，研究員，博士生導(dǎo)師�，F(xiàn)任中國(guó)科學(xué)院大連化學(xué)物理研究所所長(zhǎng)。長(zhǎng)期從事工業(yè)催化的研究，負(fù)責(zé)研制的新型催化劑應(yīng)用于我國(guó)航天、航空、石油化工領(lǐng)域，三次獲國(guó)家技術(shù)發(fā)明二等獎(jiǎng)。近期主要從事航天無(wú)毒推進(jìn)劑催化分解技術(shù)、環(huán)保催化及催化新材料等方面的研究。已培養(yǎng)畢業(yè)研究生63人，發(fā)表論文310余篇（SCI收錄），他引5200余次；申請(qǐng)發(fā)明專(zhuān)利100余件（國(guó)際專(zhuān)利12件，共授權(quán)65件）。主編國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一項(xiàng)。 主要的學(xué)術(shù)兼職有：973項(xiàng)目首席科學(xué)家，國(guó)家863計(jì)劃專(zhuān)題專(zhuān)家組副組長(zhǎng)，中國(guó)空間科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)常務(wù)理事、空間材料專(zhuān)業(yè)委員會(huì)副主任，國(guó)際空間推進(jìn)會(huì)議學(xué)術(shù)委員，中國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)催化委員會(huì)委員，中法可持續(xù)能源聯(lián)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室中方主任，Mössbauer Effect Data Center主任， Applied Catalysis B: Environmental、Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research、ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering、ChemPhysChem編委或顧問(wèn)編委，Mössbauer Effect Reference and Data Journal主編，《催化學(xué)報(bào)》副主編，《空間推進(jìn)》編委會(huì)副主任， 曾被國(guó)家人事部和國(guó)防科工委授予“全國(guó)國(guó)防科技先進(jìn)工作者”稱(chēng)號(hào)，獲中國(guó)科學(xué)院“參加載人航天工程突出貢獻(xiàn)者”稱(chēng)號(hào)，是“首批新世紀(jì)百千萬(wàn)人才工程國(guó)家級(jí)人選”。2003年獲國(guó)家自然科學(xué)杰出青年基金，2008年獲中國(guó)催化青年獎(jiǎng)，2009年，獲全國(guó)“五一勞動(dòng)獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆焙椭芄庹倩�金�?huì)“應(yīng)用科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)”，所帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊(duì)獲中國(guó)科學(xué)院杰出科技成就獎(jiǎng)。2012年當(dāng)選英國(guó)皇家化學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)士。2013年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士。 課題組：http://www.dicp.ac.cn/gkjj/xrld/zt/